/// <summary>
    /// Represents the Service Locator.
    /// </summary>
    public sealed class ServiceLocator : IServiceProvider
    {
        #region Private Fields
        private readonly IUnityContainer container;
        #endregion

        #region Private Static Fields
        private static readonly ServiceLocator instance = new ServiceLocator();
        #endregion

        #region Ctor
        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of ServiceLocator class.
        /// </summary>
        private ServiceLocator()
        {
            UnityConfigurationSection section = (UnityConfigurationSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("unity");
            container = new UnityContainer();
            section.Configure(container);
        }
        #endregion

        #region Public Static Properties
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the singleton instance of the ServiceLocator class.
        /// </summary>
        public static ServiceLocator Instance
        {
            get { return instance; }
        }
        #endregion

        #region Private Methods
        private IEnumerable<ParameterOverride> GetParameterOverrides(object overridedArguments)
        {
            List<ParameterOverride> overrides = new List<ParameterOverride>();
            Type argumentsType = overridedArguments.GetType();
            argumentsType.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance)
                .ToList()
                .ForEach(property =>
                {
                    var propertyValue = property.GetValue(overridedArguments, null);
                    var propertyName = property.Name;
                    overrides.Add(new ParameterOverride(propertyName, propertyValue));
                });
            return overrides;
        }
        #endregion

        #region Public Methods
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the service instance with the given type.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type of the service.</typeparam>
        /// <returns>The service instance.</returns>
        public T GetService<T>()
        {
            return container.Resolve<T>();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the service instance with the given type by using the overrided arguments.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The type of the service.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="overridedArguments">The overrided arguments.</param>
        /// <returns>The service instance.</returns>
        public T GetService<T>(object overridedArguments)
        {
            var overrides = GetParameterOverrides(overridedArguments);
            return container.Resolve<T>(overrides.ToArray());
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the service instance with the given type by using the overrided arguments.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="serviceType">The type of the service.</param>
        /// <param name="overridedArguments">The overrided arguments.</param>
        /// <returns>The service instance.</returns>
        public object GetService(Type serviceType, object overridedArguments)
        {
            var overrides = GetParameterOverrides(overridedArguments);
            return container.Resolve(serviceType, overrides.ToArray());
        }
        #endregion

        #region IServiceProvider Members
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the service instance with the given type.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="serviceType">The type of the service.</param>
        /// <returns>The service instance.</returns>
        public object GetService(Type serviceType)
        {
            return container.Resolve(serviceType);
        }

        #endregion
    }

  /// <summary>
    /// 表示用于方法(fa)緩(huan)存功(gong)能的攔截行(xing)為。
    /// </summary>
    public class CachingBehavior : IInterceptionBehavior
    {
        #region Private Methods
        /// <summary>
        /// 根據指定的<see cref="CachingAttribute"/>以(yi)及<see cref="IMethodInvocation"/>實(shi)例，
        /// 獲取與某一特定(ding)參數值(zhi)相(xiang)關的鍵名(ming)。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cachingAttribute"><see cref="CachingAttribute"/>實例。</param>
        /// <param name="input"><see cref="IMethodInvocation"/>實例(li)。</param>
        /// <returns>與某一特定參數值相關的(de)鍵名。</returns>
        private string GetValueKey(CachingAttribute cachingAttribute, IMethodInvocation input)
        {
            switch (cachingAttribute.Method)
            {
                // 如果(guo)是Remove，則不存(cun)在特定值鍵名，所有的以該(gai)方法名稱(cheng)相(xiang)關的緩存(cun)都需(xu)要清除
                case CachingMethod.Remove:
                    return null;
                // 如(ru)果(guo)是Get或者Put，則需要(yao)產生一個針對(dui)特(te)定參數值的鍵名(ming)
                case CachingMethod.Get:
                case CachingMethod.Put:
                    if (input.Arguments != null &&
                        input.Arguments.Count > 0)
                    {
                        var sb = new StringBuilder();
                        for (int i = 0; i < input.Arguments.Count; i++)
                        {
                            sb.Append(input.Arguments[i].ToString());
                            if (i != input.Arguments.Count - 1)
                                sb.Append("_");
                        }
                        return sb.ToString();
                    }
                    else
                        return "NULL";
                default:
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("無(wu)效的緩存方式。");
            }
        }
        #endregion

        #region IInterceptionBehavior Members
        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取當前行為(wei)需要攔截的(de)對象類型(xing)接口(kou)。
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>所(suo)有需要攔截的對象(xiang)類型接(jie)口。</returns>
        public IEnumerable<Type> GetRequiredInterfaces()
        {
            return Type.EmptyTypes;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 通過實現此(ci)方法來攔截(jie)調(diao)用(yong)并執行所需的攔截(jie)行為。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="input">調用攔截(jie)目標時(shi)的輸(shu)入信(xin)息。</param>
        /// <param name="getNext">通(tong)過(guo)行為鏈來獲取下一個攔(lan)截行為的委托(tuo)。</param>
        /// <returns>從(cong)攔截目標獲得(de)的(de)返回信(xin)息。</returns>
        public IMethodReturn Invoke(IMethodInvocation input, GetNextInterceptionBehaviorDelegate getNext)
        {
            var method = input.MethodBase;
            var key = method.Name;
            if (method.IsDefined(typeof(CachingAttribute), false))
            {
                var cachingAttribute = (CachingAttribute)method.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(CachingAttribute), false)[0];
                var valKey = GetValueKey(cachingAttribute, input);
                switch (cachingAttribute.Method)
                {
                    case CachingMethod.Get:
                        try
                        {
                            if (CacheManager.Instance.Exists(key, valKey))
                            {
                                var obj = CacheManager.Instance.Get(key, valKey);
                                var arguments = new object[input.Arguments.Count];
                                input.Arguments.CopyTo(arguments, 0);
                                return new VirtualMethodReturn(input, obj, arguments);
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                var methodReturn = getNext().Invoke(input, getNext);
                                CacheManager.Instance.Add(key, valKey, methodReturn.ReturnValue);
                                return methodReturn;
                            }
                        }
                        catch (Exception ex)
                        {
                            return new VirtualMethodReturn(input, ex);
                        }
                    case CachingMethod.Put:
                        try
                        {
                            var methodReturn = getNext().Invoke(input, getNext);
                            if (CacheManager.Instance.Exists(key))
                            {
                                if (cachingAttribute.Force)
                                {
                                    CacheManager.Instance.Remove(key);
                                    CacheManager.Instance.Add(key, valKey, methodReturn.ReturnValue);
                                }
                                else
                                    CacheManager.Instance.Put(key, valKey, methodReturn.ReturnValue);
                            }
                            else
                                CacheManager.Instance.Add(key, valKey, methodReturn.ReturnValue);
                            return methodReturn;
                        }
                        catch (Exception ex)
                        {
                            return new VirtualMethodReturn(input, ex);
                        }
                    case CachingMethod.Remove:
                        try
                        {
                            var removeKeys = cachingAttribute.CorrespondingMethodNames;
                            foreach (var removeKey in removeKeys)
                            {
                                if (CacheManager.Instance.Exists(removeKey))
                                    CacheManager.Instance.Remove(removeKey);
                            }
                            var methodReturn = getNext().Invoke(input, getNext);
                            return methodReturn;
                        }
                        catch (Exception ex)
                        {
                            return new VirtualMethodReturn(input, ex);
                        }
                    default: break;
                }
            }

            return getNext().Invoke(input, getNext);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取(qu)一(yi)個(ge)<see cref="Boolean"/>值(zhi)，該值(zhi)表示(shi)當前攔截行(xing)(xing)為被調用時，是否真的需要執行(xing)(xing)
        /// 某些操作。
        /// </summary>
        public bool WillExecute
        {
            get { return true; }
        }

        #endregion
    }